The following article is based on a study which addresses the evidences available in the medical literature on the efficacy of Botulinum Toxin A (BoNT-A) and sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in patients suffering from interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS). We will discuss this study to identify the mechanism of action and draw a clear conclusion based on the clinical efficacy of both therapies.

Introduction

The terms interstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome are used side by side. IC/BPS is often used like this in the medical world, boasting symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency and bladder pain, pressure and/or discomfort in the absence of other pathological findings. Current management aims to decrease symptoms such as bladder pain and lower urinary tract (LUT) symptoms.